| Eenie MENE... |
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The scripture above relates the events of one night, long ago. Contrary to what many may think, things in this world can change very quickly. The account above describes the destruction of a world empire in one night. Belshazzar, the king, while at a great drunken feast, took vessels that Nebuchadnezzar had previously looted from the Temple in Jerusalem, and used them to drink even more wine. During the feast the people started to praise gods of gold, silver, bronze, iron, wood and stone. As the debauchery of the evening progressed a hand emerged and wrote on the wall the words: MENE, MENE, TEKEL, UPHARSIN. Only the aged Daniel could explain what the writing meant. The kingdom of Babylon had come to an end. It would end that night. Belshazzar, the Babylonian king, took his place with Sennacherib the Assyrian as one of the two who publicly defied God and met retribution. That night Belshazzzar was slain and the Medo-Persian Empire took over. Historically, the book of Daniel has been attacked. Many claimed that the entire book had no historical foundation at all. Until a little over a century ago, the name of Belshazzar was unknown outside thew Biblical account. This led many to think that the whole story of Belshazzar and the writing on the wall was written as encouragement to the Jews, and never really happened. Nothing more than a fable. None of the old classical historians mention him; the only ancient writers who do are Josephus and Jerome, both using the Greek form of his name, Baithasar, evidently taking their information from the Bible. Nineteenth century critics of the Book of Daniel proclaimed the account of Belshazzar as complete fiction. |
In 1854 a British consul was exploring ancient ruins in southern Iraq. He dug into a large tower built there and found several clay cylinders inscribed with Babylonian writing . Cylinders of clay covered with cuneiform writing were often buried under the walls of new buildings. Cylinders were also used to record military successes. |
The Assyriologist, Sir Henry Rawlinson, one of those that had deciphered the Babylonian cuneiform script, set out to translate the cylinders, and found they were authentic records of the fall of Babylon, made at the time by order of Cyrus the Persian, who captured the city (see figure above). The inscriptions were produced during the reign of Nabonidus, the king of Babylon who reigned from 555-539 BC. The cuneiform cylinders commemorated the repairs that Nabonidus had made to the tower. The artifacts included a prayer for the long life of King Nabonidus and his oldest son.Belshazzar. These records contained the name of Belshazzar and made it clear that at the time of the fall of the city he was ruling as regent in the place of his father, Nabonidus, who was absent and elsewhere at that time. So the account in the Book of Daniel was verified. Belshazzar was not imaginary. He was real. How about that! GOD's Word verified!! Belshazzar was the eldest son of Nabonidus the last true king of Babylon. Nabonidus reigned for seventeen years but during the final ten years was mainly absent from Babylon with his army, building a new city and fortress at Tema, four hundred miles away in the heart of Arabia. He appointed his son, the Crown Prince, to reign as regent. This is why Daniel refers to Belshazzar as king. Daniel never mentions Nabonidus and there is probably a good reason for this. Nabonidus was not of the royal bloodline. He was the son of a Babylonian nobleman and had married Nitocris the daughter of Nebuchadnezzar. By devious means he had eliminated other contenders for the throne and some seven years after the great king's death had secured it for himself. Daniel, loyal to his old master and maybe even friend, Nebuchadnezzar, possibly refused to recognize this upstart's right to the throne, but did recognize that of Belshazzar through his mother Nitocris. Belshazzar promised Daniel that if he could interpret the meaning of the writing on the wall he should be the third ruler in the kingdom. Why third? Third was the best he could offer. His father the king was first, he himself second, and so Daniel could only be third. Babylonian texts support this position. Interestingly, the queen mentioned, who came in to advise Belshazzar and was able to tell him about Daniel and his services in the days of Nebuchadnezzar was most probably his mother, Nitocris the "queen-mother" du jour. She was well past the age of partying and came to the drunken feast only after the writing had appeared. Some forty years earlier she would have known Daniel well when he was her father's Chief Minister. Many artifacts have been found to be commercial documents signed by Belshazzar himself. He would appear to have been a shrewd businessman, a good administrator of government, a capable military leader and a great devotee of the Babylonian gods. He is also indicated as being very much a "man about town" and given to high living. |
This "party animal" character is quite aptly shown in the account Daniel. Belshazzar hosted a party for a thousand of his lords, his princes, his wives and his concubines. A pretty big bash! However, it was hardly the time for revelry. Cyrus the Persian had been ravaging the adjacent lands for about six or seven years, adding to his territories, and was at this moment at Opis, very close to Babylon, advancing swiftly. The troops of Gubaru, the Persian General, were even now encircling the city while the feast proceeded. Nabonidus was in Arabia somewhere with his army, leaving Belshazzar to defend the city. Heedless of the threat and oblivious to the danger of his position, Belshazzar caroused with his companions and his womenfolk. Growing more reckless as the wine flowed, he gave orders that the sacred vessels which Nebuchadnezzar had taken from Solomon's Temple, half a century previously, and subsequently placed in the idol Temple of Marduk in Babylon to be brought to the palace and used by the guests. This, even for Babylonians, was sacrilege and in his right mind even Belshazzar would have hesitated to do such a thing. The cups and goblets brought, they were filled and used to do honor to the gods of Babylon. In that moment there appeared the form of a man's hand, writing on the wall and the revelry immediately ceased. MENE, MENE, TEKEL, UPHARSIN. To those assembled, the words conveyed no meaning, but the nature of the incidence filled them with foreboding and terror. Belshazzar was so scared his knees were knocking together and evidently lost control of some bodily functions (the joints of his loins were loosed). Daniel was able to interpret the mystery, and told those at the party that the political power of Babylon would pass to Persia.
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The Persians were already within the city. The Euphrates River had been partially dammed. This lowered the level of the moat surrounding the city of Babylon. The invading army walked through the moat and under the walls of the city. According to some of the classical historians, not only Belshazzar was partying that night. The attacking Persians found the entire city given over to revelry. Seemingly everyone in Babylon thought the empire was so strong it would go on forever. In reality the empire fell so quickly there was not even time for a fight, or even a thought. The mighty Babylonian empire fell.in a few minutes. Belshazzar was dead. Babylon was gone. Amazing! What does that mean to us, today here in the United States, in the twenty first century? What does Belshazzars drunken defiance of GOD have to do with us? That was then, this is now. This is a Christian nation, right? We are not in defiance of GOD, are we? Belshazzar's fateful night came forty to fifty years after the "glory days" of the Babylonian empire. Are we, now in the United States in the "glory days" or were they forty or fifty years ago. Have we changed as a people since the sixties? Has anything in our culture changed? Do we as a people still respect GOD.His Law.His Name? Think about it! Are there any recent examples of our leadership, at a feast, doing what they should not? Have you read about the "comedy" routine just recently staged, at the annual White House Correspondent's Dinner? Can you imagine such a thing happening fifty years ago in the United States? Amazingly, most, including some prominent clergy saw nothing amiss at that event. Something stinks and nobody notices. Have we, as a country, forgot GOD? Is sin now a civil right? Look at the culture that surrounds us. Is it possible that GOD will weigh us in the balances and when He does our days will also be numbered? Have we been weighed in the balances already. |
If we, who are called by the Name of our LORD (Christians), do humble ourselves, turn from our wickedness, pray and seek the face of GOD, our land will be healed and our sins forgiven. We are the only ones that can do this. The culture around us is proud, "patriotic" and many are just "having a big party" thinking that the benefits we now enjoy will go on forever. They are definitely not interested in humbling themselves and prayer and seeking the LORD. We must do this. Our land is in great need of forgiveness and healing. Babylon was invincible. It will go on.and on. Babylon fell, in an instant, and is no more. The United States is invincible. It will go on.and on.and... |
Be blessed and meditate or meditate and be blessed!!!!. The choice is yours!! |
Wednesday, November 7, 2012
Nugget Net Review | Eenie Mene
Nugget Net Review | Eenie Mene
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